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Copyright 1998 Cobalt Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cobalt Networks and Cobalt RaQ are trademarks of Cobalt Networks, Inc. All other company, brand, and product names may be registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies and are hereby recognized.
This publication and the information herein is furnished AS IS, subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Cobalt Networks, Inc. Furthermore, Cobalt Networks, Inc., assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies, makes no warranty of any kind (express, implied or statutory) with respect to this publication, and expressly disclaims any and all warranties of merchantability, fitness for particular purposes and noninfringement of third-party right.
The majority of the software used within the Cobalt RaQ can be freely distributed under the terms of the BSD copyright and the GNU Public License. However, some applications remain the property of their owners, and require their permission to redistribute. For a complete listing of the software used within the Cobalt RaQ and the terms under which it can be distributed, refer to the Cobalt Web site at www.cobaltnet.com .
Cobalt Networks, Inc. 440 Clyde Ave., Bldg. B Mountain View, CA 94043 www.cobaltnet.com
In the U.S.A.:
Phone (888) 70-COBALT
(650) 930-2500
Fax (650) 930-2501
Outside the U.S.A.:
Phone +1 650 930 2500
Fax +1 650 930 2501
There are three types of users on the Cobalt RaQ: the RaQ administrator, site administrators, and site users.
This chapter describes the functions normally performed by the site administrator. Site administrators can add or remove site users, create mailing lists, manage disk space, back up and restore files, and do other site-related administrative tasks. (These functions can also be performed by the Cobalt RaQ administrator.)
As a site administrator, you manage your site using any standard Web browser. Access the Site Management screen for your site by typing the URL http://IP address/siteadmin/ into your browser. A prompt appears, asking you to enter your site administrator username and password.The Site Management screen (shown in the next figure) provides access to the site administrator functions.
To go to a section of the Site Management screen, you click the section's button along the left side of the screen. These functions are described in the sections that follow.
The User Management section on the Site Management screen allows you to perform administrative functions related to site users - adding or removing users, entering and modifying user names and passwords, and managing users' disk space allocations, Telnet access, and e-mail aliases.
To add a user to a site, follow these steps:
1. Go to the Site Management screen.
2. Click User Management.
3. Click Add User.
4. Enter the information for the user.
Enter the user's name and password, set a total disk space allocation for the user, and enable Telnet access and enter email aliases (if appropriate - see the description in "Entering User E-mail Settings and Aliases"). You can also choose to assign the user to be the administrator for the virtual site.
5. Click Confirm New User.
Entering User E-mail Settings and Aliases
Mail Forwarding and Vacation Reply
Individual users can choose to have their Cobalt RaQ e-mail forwarded to another e-mail account. Users can also choose to have a vacation-reply message that's automatically sent to each person who sends the user an e-mail. This feature is useful when users know they won't be reading or responding to incoming email messages for a period of time. As the site administrator, you can enter these settings for users (at their request) as described below in "Changing User Settings".
Note: A vacation-reply e-mail is sent only once per day to each sender.
Each registered user on the Cobalt RaQ must have a unique username (e.g., mary, john). This username is used to send or retrieve e-mail. When a username is already taken by another site (for example, username mary exists and her e-mail goes to mary@abc.com), you can add a new user with a similar name (maryb) and configure the server to receive e-mail with the desired name (user maryb receives mail for mary@xyz.com). The user then enters the desired "return address" in his or her e-mail software.
Note: To address a user by an alias, a sender must always include the hostname in the recipient's e-mail address, e.g., alias@hostname.domainname.com, even if domainname.com is in the "Receive e-mail addressed to" field in the e-mail parameters table (in the Control Panels/Services section of the Server Management screen).
To change the name, password, disk space allocation, or Telnet access for an existing user, or to make an existing user the site administrator, click User Management on the Site Management screen, then click the pencil icon for the user. Enter the changes you want in the Modify User table.
To set up or modify the e-mail options for an existing user, click User Management on the Site Management screen, then click the envelope icon for the user. In the table that appears, you can enter a forwarding e-mail address, email aliases, and an automatic vacation reply. These options are described in "Entering User E-mail Settings and Aliases".
If you want to remove a site user, click the trash icon for the user. To confirm that you want to remove the user, click OK in the confirmation dialog box that appears.
The List Management section on the Site Management screen allows you to create and manage mailing lists for the site.
To add a mailing list:
1. Go to the Site Management screen.
2. Click List Management.
3. Click Add Mailing List.
4. Enter a name for the mailing list, then enter the email addresses of the members of the list.
5.If there are existing users you want to include in the list, select them (one at a time) from the pull-down menu, and then click the bent, down-pointing arrow to add the selected user to the list.
6. You can specify aliases for the mailing list by entering them in the "Aliases" area. (You don't need to include the domain in the aliases.)
7. When you're finished, click Confirm New Mailing List.
To modify a mailing list, go to the Site Management screen, click List Management, click the pencil icon for the mailing list, modify the information as needed, and then click Confirm Modify.
To delete a mailing list, go to the Site Management screen, click List Management, click the trash icon for the mailing list, and then click OK to confirm that you want to delete the mailing list.
In the Site settings section of Site Management, you can see the domain name and IP address of the site, change the disk space allocation for the site, and choose the frequency with which Web usage reports will be generated. If CGI has been enabled for your site (by the RaQ administrator), you can turn CGI on or off for all the site's users.
CGI allows users to have Web sites run programs that dynamically generate HTML pages in response to specific user inputs. CGI scripts can be created on a user's desktop computer and then transferred to the Cobalt RaQ with an FTP application (as explained in Using Services on a Site). CGI scripts must have a .pl or .cgi filename extension.
As the site administrator, you can enable the anonymous FTP server for the site, set limits on the size of files that can be uploaded, and set the number of simultaneous users. This feature allows users without passwords to download and upload files via FTP, up to the specified disk-space limit.
To change the FTP settings for your site, click FTP Settings on the Site Management screen, enter the setting you want, and then click Save Changes.
To download files via anonymous FTP, log onto the site with the username "guest" or "anonymous" - you don't need to enter a password. When you log on with one of these usernames, you'll enter the directory /home/sites/sitename/ftp/ . (This directory can be accessed via the URL ftp: //IP address/ .) The site administrator can post files here for downloading via FTP client software or a Web browser.
To upload files, you must use FTP client software (for example, Fetch) and access the directory /home/sites/sitename/ftp/incoming/. Once you've uploaded a file, you (as a guest) can't see it or access it on the FTP site. However, all registered site users with Telnet/shell privileges can access it.
The size limit specified for FTP uploads is the total amount of disk space allocated for FTP uploads. If this number is set to 0, guests cannot upload to the FTP site.
In this section of Site Management, you can monitor how much disk space is being used by the site and its users.
The Web Usage section allows you to download a Web log file for your site, or view the last report that was downloaded. To download a log file, go to the Web Usage section of Site Management, then click Download Log File.
As a site administrator, you can back up your own site or a user directory that belongs to a user on your site. To do either of these, go to the Backup section of Site Management and follow the onscreen instructions.
Restoring a site or user directory on the Cobalt RaQ is a simple procedure. First, go to the Restore section of Site Management. Click BROWSE and select the .raq backup file to restore on the RaQ. Click Selective Restore, if you want to restore only some of the files, then click the Restore button (below the File Restoretable).
If you're the Cobalt RaQ administrator, you can return to the RaQ administrator site's Server Management screen by clicking Server Management on the Site Management screen.
For information on publishing Web pages on the Cobalt RaQ, see "Developing Web Pages" and "Publishing Web Pages Via FTP".
This chapter describes the functions that site users can perform on the Cobalt RaQ. As a site user, you can change your user name and password, set e-mail options, monitor your directory's disk space usage, back up and restore your files, send and receive email, and create and upload Web pages and other files.
Managing Your Personal Profile
You manage your directory using any standard browser. Access your directory by typing the URL http://IPaddress/personal/ into your browser. You must enter your user name and password.
When you access your directory, the Personal Profile screen appears (shown in the next figure).
This section allows you to change your full name and password. Click Modify User on the Personal Profile screen to access a table where you can change these settings. When you're finished, click Confirm Modify.
The E-mail section of the Personal Profile allows you to select email options. To set your e-mail options, access the Personal Profile screen (as described above), then click E-mail. In the Email Settings table, you can select the e-mail options that are described in the next two sections.
You can choose to have your Cobalt RaQ e-mail forwarded to another e-mail account. All you need to do is enter the destination account in the "Forward E-mail To" field in the Email Settings table.
Setting an Automatic Vacation Reply
You can also create a vacation-reply message that's automatically sent to each person who sends you e-mail. This feature is useful when you know that you won't be reading or responding to incoming e-mail messages for a period of time.
To set up a vacation reply, follow these steps:
1. Type the URL http://IP address/personal/ into your Web browser, and then enter your name and password when prompted.
2. Click E-mail on the Personal Profile screen.
3. Click the check box labeled "Vacation / Autoresponder Email Reply" to turn it on.
4. In the scrolling field, type the text of the message you want users to receive while you're away.
5. Click Save Changes.
Note: A vacation-reply e-mail is sent only once per day to each sender.
The Usage Data section of the Personal Profile displays a Disk Usage table showing the total disk space occupied by your files, the amount of available disk space, and your total disk space allocation. To access this table, just click Usage Data on the Personal Profile screen.
As a site user, you can back up your Home directory. To do this, go to the Personal Profile screen, click Backup and read the on screen instructions. When you're ready to perform the backup, click Backup My Home Directory.
To restore your backed-up Home directory files (from your local disk to your Cobalt RaQ Home directory):
1. Access the Personal Profile screen.
2. Click Restore.
3. Click BROWSE and select the .raq backup file to restore onto the Cobalt RaQ.
4. Check Selective Restore if you want to restore only some of the files.
5. Click Restore a Backup File (below the File Restore table) when you're ready to begin restoring the files.
You must configure your e-mail application to send and retrieve e-mail from the Cobalt RaQ.
Make sure the following information is entered into your e-mailprogram:
1. E-mail address. The format is either
username@domainname, or
username@hostname.domainname,
(e.g., myname@raql.cobaltnet.com) where:
- username is the user ID assigned to you (for example, "myname")
- hostname is the name assigned to the Cobalt RaQ (for example, "raq1")
- domainname is either the "official" domain name that is registered with InterNIC (for example, "cobaltnet.com"), or an intranet domain name specific to your network. (Obtain this information from your system administrator.)
2. SMTP Server. Use your ISP SMTP Server.
3. POP3 Server. The format is hostname.domainname (e.g., "raql.cobaltnet.com" ).
Note: Occasionally, an e-mail application asks for an "incoming" mail server. The incoming mail server would be the POP3 server.
You can create complex Web pages using any of the standard HTML editors and the HTML publishing capabilities of many popular desktop productivity applications. You can create and link the Web pages themselves on your desktop computer, and then move them to the appropriate subdirectory in the Cobalt RaQ via an FTP application (as described below).
The Cobalt RaQ supports CGI scripts, such as those written in Perl version 5.0, C, or other languages. If CGI is enabled for your site (in the Site Settings section of the Site Management screen), then you can add CGI scripts to work with your Web content.
This enables you to develop highly interactive, powerful Web-based applications by building server-side CGI scripts that generate Web pages in response to specific user inputs. These applications range from simple scheduling and conferencing applications to sophisticated electronic commerce solutions.
You can develop CGI scripts on your desktop machine, and then transfer it to the Cobalt RaQ by means of any FTP-based application that allows permission bits to be set to "Executable." Use FTP (File Transfer Protocol) to upload .cgi and .pl files. You should use ASCII mode to upload CGI files. Once the file is on the Cobalt RaQ, use your FTP program (or use the Telnet command: chmod 755 filename.cgi) to make the script executable.
The path to Perl is /usr/bin/perl. In order for users (other than the RaQ administrator) to add CGI files, CGI must be enabled for the user's site (in the Site Settings section of the Site Management screen). CGI scripts must use .pl or .cgi filename extensions in order to be executed by the Web server.
After creating your Web pages, you can publish them on theCobalt RaQ using FTP.
First, make sure you have the following information:
Then launch your FTP software, establish an FTP link to theCobalt RaQ, and then upload your HTML files. If you need help,consult the instructions for your FTP application.
By default, the files you upload via FTP are stored in your personal directory, the directory path for which is
/home/sites/sitename/users/username
where sitename is the first 12 characters of your site name, and username is your user name.
Note to site administrators: To post Web pages for your site, you must upload to the directory /home/sites/sitename , which is two directory-levels higher than your personal directory. (Only the site administrator or the RaQ administrator can upload to this directory.) Unless you specify this directory, your Web pages will be stored in your personal directory, which will be accessible on the Web at http://sitename/users/yourusername/ - not at http://sitename/.
Telnet access is available - it can be turned on for individual users by the site administrator (via the User Management section of the Site Management screen). Telnet should be used by advanced users only - users who want to run shell scripts or use shell commands. An advanced user is someone who is proficient in the internal workings of the UNIX operating system.
The disk on the Cobalt RaQ is partitioned into four segments. Most of the available disk space is on the partition mounted from /home. It's best to do most of your work under this partition. By default, quotas are turned on in this partition, and they're used extensively by the Cobalt system software.
The document root for the virtual sites' Web page content is:
/home/sites/sitedir
The directory sitedir is the first 12 characters of the virtual site name (i.e., it's the virtual site name truncated to the first 12 characters). For example, the virtual site
www.cobaltnet.com would have a document root of
/home/sites/www.cobaltne/
because www.cobaltne is the first 12 characters of the site name www.cobaltnet.com.
Only the Cobalt Raq administrator or the site administrator can upload to this directory.
Web content in this directory is associated with the URL http:// sitename/. For example, a file saved as:
/home/sites/sitedir/tesdir/test.html
would be accessed via the URL:
http:// sitename / testdir / test.html
Note: Sitename refers to the IP address or hostname.domainname of the corresponding viritual site.
When users on the main site are created by means of the Web-based administration screens, the user's home directory is created in:
/home/sites/home/users/username
The content of their Web pages (which is stored in their home directory) can be viewed at:
http://IP address/users/username/
When users on a virtual site are created by means of the Web-based administration screens, the user's home directory is created in:
/home/sites/si tedir/users/username
The content of their Web pages (which is stored in their home directory) can be viewed at
http:// sitename/users/username/
You can save CGI files in any directory on your site, as long as CGI is enabled, the CGI file is executable, and the file ends with a .pl or .cgi extension.
The Web server is configured to execute CGI scripts using a wrapper program (cgiwrap), which preserves the permissions set for the executing script. For more information regarding this security precaution, visit:
